Leonardo Da Vinca :: Essays Papers

Leonardo Da Vinca The ill-conceived child of a 25-year-old public accountant, Ser Piero, and laborer young lady, Caterina, Leonardo was conceived on April 15, 1452, in Vinci, Italy, simply outside Florence. His dad took guardianship of the little individual not long after his introduction to the world, while his mom wedded another person and moved to a neighboring town. They continued having children, despite the fact that not with one another, and they in the end provided him with a sum of 17 relatives and siblings. Experiencing childhood in his dad's Vinci home, Leonardo approached academic writings claimed by loved ones. He was additionally presented to Vinci's longstanding painting convention, and when he was around 15 his dad apprenticed him to the famous workshop of Andrea del Verrochio in Florence. Indeed, even as an understudy, Leonardo showed his giant ability. Undoubtedly, his virtuoso appears to have saturated various pieces created by the Verrocchio's workshop from the period 1470 to 1475. Leonardo got his beginning as a craftsman around 1469. Verocchio's claim to fame was point of view, which craftsmen had as of late gotten the hang of, and Leonardo immediately aced its difficulties. Truth be told, Leonardo immediately outperformed Verocchio, and when he was in his mid twenties he was out and out celebrated. For instance, one of Leonardo's first large breaks was to paint a holy messenger in Verrochio's Submersion of Christ, and Leonardo was such a great amount of better than his lord 's that Verrochio supposedly settled never to paint again. Leonardo remained in the Verrocchio workshop until 1477 when he set up a shingle for himself. Looking for new difficulties and boatloads of money, he entered the administration of the Duke of Milan in 1482, forsaking his first bonus in Florence, The Adoration of the Magi. He went through 17 years in Milan, leaving simply after Duke Ludovico Sforza's tumble from power in 1499. It was during these years that Leonardo hit his sweet spot, arriving at new statures of logical and aesthetic accomplishment. One of his most mainstream early works, The Adoration of the Magi, was painted in 1481 for the Monastery of San Donato a Scopeto as a special stepped area piece. It was never completed because of his takeoff for Milan, where he offered his administrations to Duke Ludovico il Moro. He dealt with the Duomo in Milan and the Duomo and Castle in pavia; and painted the Madonna of the Rocks and the Last Supper as of now. Leonardo Da Vinca :: Essays Papers Leonardo Da Vinca The ill-conceived child of a 25-year-old public accountant, Ser Piero, and worker young lady, Caterina, Leonardo was conceived on April 15, 1452, in Vinci, Italy, simply outside Florence. His dad took authority of the little individual not long after his introduction to the world, while his mom wedded another person and moved to a neighboring town. They continued having children, despite the fact that not with one another, and they in the long run provided him with an aggregate of 17 relatives and siblings. Experiencing childhood in his dad's Vinci home, Leonardo approached insightful writings claimed by loved ones. He was additionally presented to Vinci's longstanding painting convention, and when he was around 15 his dad apprenticed him to the eminent workshop of Andrea del Verrochio in Florence. Indeed, even as a disciple, Leonardo showed his huge ability. Without a doubt, his virtuoso appears to have saturated various pieces created by the Verrocchio's workshop from the period 1470 to 1475. Leonardo got his beginning as a craftsman around 1469. Verocchio's claim to fame was point of view, which specialists had as of late gotten the hang of, and Leonardo immediately aced its difficulties. Truth be told, Leonardo immediately outperformed Verocchio, and when he was in his mid twenties he was out and out well known. For instance, one of Leonardo's first huge breaks was to paint a blessed messenger in Verrochio's Absolution of Christ, and Leonardo was such a great amount of better than h is lord's that Verrochio supposedly settled never to paint again. Leonardo remained in the Verrocchio workshop until 1477 when he set up a shingle for himself. Looking for new difficulties and truckloads of money, he entered the administration of the Duke of Milan in 1482, forsaking his first bonus in Florence, The Adoration of the Magi. He went through 17 years in Milan, leaving simply after Duke Ludovico Sforza's tumble from power in 1499. It was during these years that Leonardo hit his sweet spot, arriving at new statures of logical and masterful accomplishment. One of his most mainstream early works, The Adoration of the Magi, was painted in 1481 for the Monastery of San Donato a Scopeto as a raised area piece. It was never completed because of his takeoff for Milan, where he offered his administrations to Duke Ludovico il Moro. He dealt with the Duomo in Milan and the Duomo and Castle in pavia; and painted the Madonna of the Rocks and the Last Supper right now.

Project Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Task Proposal - Essay Example To help reinforce the players in the financial segment in Nigeria and to guarantee life span and shareholders’ returns over the long haul, the union of banks was authorized by the Central Bank of Nigeria. The banks would either need to raise their capital base to N25 billion or face liquidation and quit the business (Upaka, Akpata and Olasope, 2005). The motivation behind the changes was to diminish destitution and produce business while prompting riches creation. This was required to prompt GDP development over some stretch of time. A significant number of the little banks were tormented with low capital base and feeble corporate administration. Union of the financial framework was to guarantee an enhanced, solid and dependable financial part, guarantee security of depositor’s cash, assume dynamic formative jobs in the country’s economy and make Nigerian banks able and serious players in the worldwide money related framework (Poyi, 2006). This would prompt broadening and rise of particular banks. The loaning paces of the banks were extremely high and loaning was moved in the present moment because of absence of long haul investment funds. The effect of the combination of the banks was felt in various segments however there isn't a lot of writing accessible on the delayed consequences. The point of this exploration is: Hypothesis proposes that union of banks might build the bank size which could thusly expand the bank returns through income and cost productivity gains (Ajayi, 2005). It could likewise diminish industry chances through disposal of feeble banks. This assists with taking out the frail banks. The best ten banks represent almost and represent over half of the all out resources. The little financial area experiences convergence of dangers. They can offer less types of assistance and the expenses for offering such types of assistance are high. In view of absence of powerful rivalry, they can't misuse economies of scale. Solidification became basic in light of the fact that there was finished

The critical perspectives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The basic viewpoints - Essay Example As Jeremy (2011) brings up that after the breakdown of money related framework, the endeavors were coordinated towards fixing the framework without understanding that the â€Å"system itself expected to change†. This book by the Nobel Prize winning business analyst requests to reexamine and rethink the current entrepreneur structure in the business sectors. The creator discusses how overspending and low investment funds have cut down the money related emergency. He is very cynic about the conditions common in lodging market. He condemns how low loan fees to support utilization and money related development have brought remiss power over the economy. Stiglitz predicts that it will require some investment before USA advertises completely recoup as he calls it â€Å"Japanese style recovery†, where markets will confront low total yield and low wages. As he would like to think America needs to fix its macroeconomic structure through expanding reserve funds, decreasing utiliz ation and more distribution of assets towards issues, for example, town arranging and environmental change. Turner (2010) states in a survey that Stiglitz has made it the wellsprings of the present emergency clear for the individuals who contend that the present emergency was â€Å"unforseen†. He condemns the arrangements of Bush and Obama for acquiring the economy to crumple 2008. Stiglitz has censured Obama for not building up an away from and technique to improve the states of the economy. Truth be told Stiglitz blames his need for power over the economy which left the economy significantly increasingly helpless on account of those running the money related area than any time in recent memory. Stiglitz is likewise doubtful about how individuals from Bush’s organization proceeded with their job in present government and are not redressing the blunders that made colossal good and bad times in the business cycle already. He has referenced that the arrangements are made in a way that expands the weight on citizens if there should be an occurrence of any misfortune or bailout circumstance. Besides Freefall additionally scrutinizes the job of resigned investors in approach definition and guideline of the money related division, which as indicated by Stiglitz has made a more noteworthy lopsidedness in influence. Stiglitz emphatically advocates burden of tough guidelines and rebuilding of banks. He denounces Obama organization for go under the impact of fund head honchos and neglecting to practice authority over the banks and other monetary foundations which turned out to be too goliath to even consider handling an emergency. He despite everything accepts that huge banks should be separated so as to right-measure them; a model is Citigroup, which is excessively immense in size to deal with. He likewise is dejects the utilization of home loan securitization, and urges to police subordinates. Examination Economic Policies Stiglitz believes Keynesian fin ancial matters to be the answer for the current pervasive issues, anyway there are various elements that place a question mark on this recommendation. Right off the bat we have to comprehend that so as to foresee the effect of an infusion of assets into the economy, we have to know the GDP multiplier. This GDP multiplier is dependant over the financial framework since they are the ones to stretch out credit to the private division. Presently if the financial framework is itself so frail and needing reserves, it is hard to state that it can bring the economy out of downturn. In addition we additionally need to comprehend the blemishes of government control, a model here is for individuals to choose if they need to depend on private annuities or

La Cosa Nostra essays

La Cosa Nostra expositions Maybe one of the most piercing minutes in American film is the end scene in the film The Godfather when Don Vito Corleones child Michael assumes control over his dads position... also, one of the most remarkable minutes, a cut off horsess head lies ridiculous in a keeps an eye on bed. It is this convention and ruthlessness that portrays the Mafia, a mystery Sicilian culture that lives and works the same amount of today on American soil as it did does at present in Italy. To comprehend this sorted out wrongdoing, one must start to see how it became sorted out in any case. During the medieval occasions in Sicily, Arabs attacked the land and local Sicilians fled and took asylum in the slopes. A portion of these evacuees shaped a mystery society that gave assurance to the individuals in return for cash. This gathering took their name, Mafia dependent on the Arabic word for asylum. In America today, one can hear it additionally be called La Cosa Nostra, or This Thing of Ours. In the 1700s,Wealthy individuals would get a card with a dark hand drawn on and in the event that they didn't pay the cash, they could anticipate murder, burglary, and savagery. During the time Mussolini was administering Italy, this mystery society was under substantial oppression what's more, many fled to the United States. Wear (term for the chief or leader of a Mafia family) Vito Cascio Ferro fled to the United States in 1901 to get away from capture. He is known as the Father of American Mafia. (La Cosa Nostra) Many Italian outsiders went to the United States through Ellis Island in New York, which is today the most significant focal point of sorted out Mafia wrongdoing in the US. The new American Mafia came to control during the Prohibition by sorting out the offer of banned liquor, yet after Prohibition was renounced, the Mafia required another racket. During the war, the Mafia got government provided proportion sta... <!

Foils Of Hamlet Essays - Characters In Hamlet, Fiction, Literature

Foils Of Hamlet Essays - Characters In Hamlet, Fiction, Literature Foils Of Hamlet the foils of village In his plays, Shakespeare regularly places the adversaries in conditions like or taking after the issues of the principle character or legend. He does this so as to give us an away from of what the characters resemble, through differentiation or similitude between them. These abstract investigations are called foils. In Hamlet, Shakespeare gives us numerous foils for Hamlet, the principle character. One significant foil is Ophelia. Hamlet and Ophelia have both lost their dads. In the start of the play it appears that Hamlet is grieving excessively and over responding, yet when Ophelia loses her dad it makes Hamlets grieving appear to be inconspicuous. Ophelia is exceptionally influenced by her dads demise and it inevitably prompts a factor in her madness and passing. This progressions the manner in which we take a gander at Hamlet and Ophelia. Another foil for Hamlet is Polonius, Laertes and Ophelias father. Hamlet and Polonius rush to talk or and lash out in ene rgy. Them two have committed significant errors due to this undesirable characteristic. Hamlet has, on numerous events, verbally expressed too rapidly or carried on of fierceness or numbness and hurt himself as well as other people. When Polonius keeps an eye on Hamlet and the Queen, Hamlet imagines that the ruler is spying behind the drapery, and without knowing who it truly is he wounds Polonius and slaughters him. Polonius additionally has a similar issue, yet with a lot more manageable outcomes. Polonius for the most part winds up simply making himself sound like a chattering fool by not thoroughly considering things first. He never truly hurt anybody and his killing by Hamlets blade causes Hamlet to appear to be more the blockhead. This foil gives Hamlet the picture of a rough individual that doesnt realize how to control his feelings, and in this case he nearly turns into the foe. Hamlet likewise has foils that arent as near him. Like the youthful Fortinbras, the nephew to the lord of Norway. Fortinbras dad, the ruler was murdered, and his uncle, the rulers sibling assumed control over the crown. Precisely the same thing happened to Hamlet. The two nations likewise have a sovereign who feels that they were looted from the crown. Fortinbras, rather than Hamlet, plays a functioning job in Norways authority. In act IV scene 4, he drives a military on to Poland. He additionally does this since he needs to vindicate his dads passing by taking what he accepts to be legitimately his. Hamlet invests the greater part of his energy pouting or grumbling, and it causes him to appear to be somewhat ruined and weak, as though he doesnt need to confront the world. He stays quiet about his plot for retribution. In to some degree a similar way Laertes is a foil to Hamlet. He also looks for vengeance for his dads demise, and does it transparently. He goes similarly as getting a horde together supporting him to be best. It appears to be radical yet it most likely would hav e been exceptional for Hamlet to go about things along these lines. On the off chance that he hadnt kept it in the stronghold a great deal of terrible things wouldnt have occurred. Hamlet could experience spared a ton of difficulty on the off chance that he went about things the manner in which Laertes did, yet then we would have an exhausting play. Something else for Hamlet and Laertes is their affection for Ophelia. Clearly they are totally various types of affection, however both are incredibly solid. Laertes thinks about his sister and offers her solid guidance concerning her and Hamlet. He cautions her against keeping a connection with him, demonstrating that he doesnt like Hamlet. After Ophelia rejects Hamlet, his affection vanishes and he gets pale and debilitated, indicating the amount he thought about her. It is bizarre that both these characters care such a great amount for Ophelia yet despise each other to death. When Ophelia kicks the bucket, both are stunned and incense d. At long last at her internment the two of them wind up bouncing into Ophelias grave and battling each other not without a fight. Their outrageous love for her and significant abhor for one another is right around a riddle. Laertes additionally, similar to his dad, has a similar imprudence and suddenness as Hamlet. There are many, numerous foils all through this play,

The Importance of Family Time

The Importance of Family Time For weeks, I had trouble deciding whether I should stay in Champaign-Urbana for Spring break, plan a small getaway with a few friends, or simply head home. If I stayed on campus, I could work all week and finish up a few midterm papers. If I went on vacation, I could relax in the sun. In the end, I decided to head to my parents home in the suburbs, and I couldnt be happier with my decision. Photo from Rachel Hernandez Being home this week has allowed me to spend valuable time with my parents, time that I otherwise would not have gotten. The truth is that growing up, especially in your late teen and early twenties, is a busy time. As a college student, it can be all too easy to lose touch with family members. Heading home with no set-in-stone plans was absolutely amazing. Photo from Rachel Hernandez Whether it was going for long walks with my dad or running to five grocery stores with my mom, being able to create new memories with my parents was priceless. Photo from Rachel Hernandez Here I am, two years into my college experience, and yet I feel a sense of jealousy for you high school seniors. I am asking youbegging youto appreciate the time you have left with your family. You have so much time ahead of you to spend with your family, but it will never quite be the same as it is now. Seize the chance that is right in front of you and spend time with the people you love. Ultimately, my point is this: Do not rush your last few months living under your parents roof. Enjoy every laugh, every fight, and every memory. Because one day, in the near future, you will look back and wish that life could have slowed down. Rachel Class of 2020 I am studying Middle Grades Education with concentrations in Social Sciences and Literacy in the College of Education. Although I now reside in Champaign, I am originally from Vernon Hills, a Northwest suburb of Chicago.

IFRS Rules Governing Preparation of Financial Statements - 275 Words

IFRS: Rules Governing Preparation of Financial Statements (Essay Sample) Content: Name:Tutor:Course Number:Date:IFRSIFRS is a collection of international accounting rules established by the International Financial Accounting Standards (IASB) in emerging global standards when preparing financial statements of a given public company. Its foundation is on principles rather than rules, unlike GAAP. It permits management to incorporate more flexibility when setting company's objectives. A country can use IFRS to develop standards that demand transparency and basis for comparison in financial statements (Oppermann, H. R. B). Secondly, the country can use it to boost universal accounting standards, to consider demands of future markets and finally the country can use this system to merge national with the global accounting standards.The IASB- FASB convergence aimed at eliminating the differences between GAAP and IFRS. The project was done in Norwalk agreement in October 2002. The significance of the project was that: the US Security Exchange Commission wa s undecided on whether to allow or adopt the IFRS standards for newly issuing firms and also G20 leaders called for the merging of the accounting standards. (Oppermann, H. R. B)Adoption implies that Security Exchange Commission establish a specific schedule when registered companies are required to apply IFRS as stipulated by IASB whereas convergence meant that FASB and IASB continue the corporation and improve accounting standards. The most significant differences bet...

A Study On Alcoholics Anonymous Essay - 1459 Words

Alcoholics Anonymous has held an almost sacred spot in our society as the way for addicts to get sober through spiritual means, with many people having anecdotal stories and experiences corroborating this belief. To full examine the ethicality of AA, an in depth look at AA is required. A study of its history, a description of the program, the success rates and commonly held harmful beliefs of AA, alternatives to AA, and finally an analysis using Rawl’s Theory of Justice are all required in order to fully judge whether the program is ethical or not. Considering all these factors, AA’s domination of the treatment of addicts and alcoholics is immoral and our approach to addiction itself needs a complete overhaul, with full consideration of science and not spirituality alone. In order to understand AA fully, one needs to first examine its history. Before AA, alcoholics and addicts were treated very harshly. Alcoholics were viewed as morally deficient and lacked the willpowe r to just stop drinking. When asked by an alcoholic whether there would be any hope of his recovery, the psychiatrist Carl Jung responded â€Å"No, there is none – except that some people with your problem have recovered if they have had a transforming experience of the spirit† (Bob P. 1993). Jung was saying that alcoholics are hopeless unless they have a spiritual experience, which he went on to say happened very, very rarely. Thus, alcoholics and addicts were thrown into jails and sanitariums, and were leftShow MoreRelated Field Study At Alcoholics Anonymous Essay1065 Words   |  5 PagesField Study At Alcoholics Anonymous On Wednesday March 15 and 22 I attended meetings of the Serentiy Group, a local meeting group of Alcoholics Anonymous that were held at the Congregational Church in East Bridgewater. The meetings started around 8:00 pm and went until each member was given the opportunity to speak, or to share their feelings in some way. There was a total of 15 people present, including myself and my companion. The group was primarily made up of males, there was oneRead MoreCompulsive Gambling Is The Presence Of Withdrawal777 Words   |  4 Pages One aspect common in most addictions and not in compulsive gambling is the presence of withdrawal. Some gamblers do claim they experience withdrawal symptoms. Rosenthal and Lesieur (1992) conducted a study on self-reported withdrawal symptoms of gambling. The study consisted of 222 participants. 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AA s initial Twelve Traditions were introduced in 1946 to help the fellowship be stable and unified while disengaged from outside

Lack Of Racial Diversity And Reverse Racism - 1754 Words

The focus of this paper is on lack of racial diversity and reverse racism in the workplace. My aim is to design a racial justice professional development program for the Department of Juvenile Justice (DJJ), an agency that I was employed in as a juvenile probation parole specialist (probation officer). The mission and goals of this agency are to provide appropriate services to juveniles who have been placed on probation by juvenile court or are committed to the department. At-risk youths who have not been placed on probation are also served by this agency in an effort to divert them from criminalistics behaviors. In order to accomplish the mission and goals of DJJ, the agency is reliant on the probation officers and other essential†¦show more content†¦Competency in multicultural social work is critical in advocating for services that clients benefit from and compliance with the standards and code of ethics set forth by the National Association of Social Worker’s ( NASW). Culturally competent social work practice is defined as the service provider’s acquisition of awareness, knowledge, and skills needed to function effectively in a pluralistic democratic society [ . . .], an on an organizational/societal level, advocating effectively to develop new theories, practices, policies, and organizational structures that are more responsive to all groups (Sue, 2006, pp. 29). Social service agencies are not limited to one particular race and it would be foolish to assume otherwise. â€Å"Nowhere is diversification of society more evident than in the workplace, [. . .], the changing complexion of the workplace† (Sue, 2006, pp. 4). A design of a racial justice professional development program for the agency is needed due to the diverse community it serves and the racial diversity and micro-aggression issues currently being experienced in the agency. â€Å"The term â€Å"microaggression,† used in studying cross-cultural communication (Sue et al., 2007), refers to subtle or dismissive messages that express racism, disrespect, or pessimism† (Nemec,

A Critical Research on the Themes of Violence and Drugs in...

Introduction: Historically, cartoons have always evolved along two different paths. Because the potential for silliness, absurdity and unreality are magnified by the possibilities of animation, cartoons are accurately thought of as being perfect for the elastic and growing mind of children. However, because of many of these same characteristics, cartoons have always been seen as an ideal medium for biting satire and ridiculous farce aimed at adults. Today, with the availability of information and media at the most saturated level it has ever been, the line between these two separate paths has become blurred. As a result, there is a sense amongst social critics that cartoons on television are more explicitly stocked with drug use, violence and other adult themes than even in the generation of cartoons just passed. Rationale: Since the inception of The Simpsons in 1989, the first primetime cartoon to achieve lasting success since The Flintstones, it has increasingly become commonplace to gear cartoons toward adult audiences. Evidence suggests that this predisposition is greater now than it was in the 1990s. It is thus that the current crop of cartoons on network and basic cable television are themed in a manner that would be wholly inappropriate for children. Among these, Family Guy, American Dad, South Park and Archer stand out as examples of highly popular, long-running cartoons that are rife with hard drug usage, graphic sexual imagery, extreme violence andShow MoreRelatedReality Televisions Affect on Children2849 Words   |  12 Pages Television violence affects all who watch it, but its biggest effect is on children. Children’s minds are like a blank page, and television is writing violence on that page. Television violence is one of the causes of aggression and violent behavior in chil dren. 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Although, media often gets in theRead MoreEssay on Media Violence in Childrens Lives2588 Words   |  11 PagesMedia Violence in Childrens Lives During the past decade, America has witnessed an alarming increase in the incidence of violence in the lives of children. On a daily basis, children in America are victims of violence, as witnesses to violent acts in their homes or communities, or as victims of abuse, neglect, or personal assault. The causes of violent behavior in society are complex and interrelated. 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OUTLINE Race Portrayal and Sitcoms Gender Issues Stereotypes TV Families Television Violence Religion in Contemporary Sitcoms Religion in The Simpsons Pop Culture and The Simpsons Race Portrayal on Sitcoms In today’s society, it is safe to say that everyone hasRead MoreEffect of Television Research6869 Words   |  28 Pages15 †¢ Bridge to conversations 15 †¢ Other positive effects 15 1.5.1 Negative Effects of Television on Children 16 †¢ Violence 16 †¢ Passivity 16 †¢ Risky behaviors 16 †¢ Obesity 16 1.5.2 Positive Effects of Television on Society 17 †¢ Spreading Information 17 †¢ Creating Memories 17 †¢ Social Media 17 1.5.3 Negative Effects of Television on Society 18 †¢ Desensitized to Violence 18 †¢ Increased Aggression in Adults 18 1.5.4 Positive Effects of Television on Nation 19 1.5.5 Negative Effects ofRead MoreEmployee Health Safety7648 Words   |  31 Pagesinspections: 26 Research insight: High performance systems/safety: 26 Controlling Workers Compensation Costs: 27 Before the accident 27 After the accident 28 Workplace Health Hazards: Problems and Remedies in Bangladesh: 28 The Basic Industrial Hygiene Program 29 Infectious Diseases 29 Asbestos Exposure at Work 30 Improving Productivity through HRIS 30 Alcoholism and Drug Abuse: 31 Stress, Burnout and Depression 31 Computer – Related Health Problem 32 Workplace Smoking 32 Violence at Work 33Read MoreAlcohol Marketing and Advertising25059 Words   |  101 Pagesadvertisement’s audience consists of adults age 21 and over. Nevertheless, the 50% placement standard in effect in 2001 and 2002 permitted the ads to reach a substantial youth audience. This is particularly significant where the products and some ad themes may be attractive to minors. Although it is probable that some teens drink FMBs, teen drinking continued to decline during the period when these beverages were being aggressively marketed. Self-regulation practices in the alcohol industry have

Roman Architecture And The Renaissance - 1277 Words

Roman Architecture and the Renaissance In the renaissance days, the designers reject the many-sided quality and vertical of the Gothic style for the straightforwardness and balanced degrees of class. Balanced bends, vaults, and the built up solicitations were revived. This reclamation was refined through direct view of Roman leftovers. The renaissance structural planning is the construction modeling of the time frame between the mid fifteenth and mid seventeenth hundreds of years in distinctive districts of Europe, showing a knowledgeable recovery and improvement of specific components of old Rome views on society. Elaborately, Renaissance construction modeling took after Gothic structural engineering and was succeeded by Florid building design. Structural planning remains an important subject to discuss when recorded developments in the time periods happen and the various sorts of craftsmanship begin to move as well. This is especially present in the midst of the tasteful developmen t from the medieval period to the Renaissance where degrees and symmetry are returning musings beginning from generally Greek and Roman times. In the midst of the Renaissance period, engineers, for instance Bartolommeo Bandinelli were known for the staggeringly arranged curves in Florence, which were greater than whenever in late memory effectively experienced. While the outside parts of Renaissance building configuration were astounding without any other individual, within segments wereShow MoreRelatedRoman Architecture And Its Impact On Society1550 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction Roman architecture is a thing of the past; however, it still has a large impact upon society today. 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Developed first in Florence, with Filippo Brunelleschi as one of its innovators, the Renaissance style quickly spread to otherRead MoreIndividualism And Secularism In The Renaissance867 Words   |  4 Pagesthat were introduced in the Renaissance and became fairly popular with the citizens who had experienced this time period. Secularism and Individualism though separate terms have a lot in common. They both have to do with separation of church from daily life. Secularism separating the government, and individualism pushing people to look less at what the Bible said and more at what was relative to their day to day lives. The emphasis on these two ideas during the Renaissance affected the way people wroteRead MoreItalian Renaissance Italy Essay1160 Words   |  5 PagesIn Renaissance Italy, new attitudes and a â€Å"new conception of life itself† emerged, deeply contrasting the attitudes and ideals of the previous Middle Ages. The Italian Renaissance, which occurred during the fourteenth and fifteenth century, was a complete â€Å"r ebirth† of Greco-Roman culture and values. Subsequently, it marked an era of great erudition and broad-mindedness, wherein Italians discovered a profound admiration for artistry and philosophical reasoning, leading to a monumental political, scientificRead MoreThe Importance Of Neoclassical Architecture In Europe1077 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Renaissance is studded by the name of the artists and architects, with their creations recorded as great historical events† - Arthur Erickson, global architect and master planner. Throughout the rebirth of Europe, well-known artists and architects with their inventions, documented as great historical events, have benefit the lives we live today. During the Renaissance period in the late 14th century, many cultural and scientific advances were created to improve the development of Europe. ThisRead MoreEarly Renaissance Vs. Renaissance Architecture1502 Words   |  7 PagesEarly Renaissance architecture began in the early years from 1400-1500. During this era, classicism played a huge role in architectural ideas as well as religious, secularization, and humanist influences. This differed architecture from that time period to later mannerist architecture. Mannerism derived from late renaissance architecture and continued through the early Baroque era in the years 1520-1600. The influences that changed the views on early architecture were the Sack of Rome, the CopernicanRead MoreComparison Between Roman And Roman Civilization1622 Words   |  7 Pagesevent was a t Mantua, the picture implied that the event occurred at Rome, perhaps to evoke more strong memories of Roman civilization. The event marked the end of the Hunnic invasion, and represented one of the last moments of pride in ancient Roman civilization (Priore 171). The premise of the entire fresco was based off of an ancient Roman event, following the ever present Renaissance trend of going back to the classics. However, a twist within the painting was the presence of St. Peter and St. PaulRead MoreUnderstanding The Birth Of The Renaissance996 Words   |  4 PagesThe Renaissance is as simple as understanding that the quality of a straight razor shave is superior to that of a commercially stamped multi bladed razor. Looking retroactively at the years leading up to this rebirth one can note the beginning of reflection the Ancient World and the ins-and-outs of Roman culture. Influencing architecture, art, and social construction, a desire for the classics pulled Europe from the slum ping years of the fading High Middle Ages. Actively bringing back Roman andRead MoreArt and Architecture in the Middle Ages and Renaissance Essay949 Words   |  4 Pagesand the Renaissance is most visible through art and architecture, demonstrated specifically through an emphasis on religion or classical antiquity, and humanity. During the Middle Ages, art was more religious because it had a very religious influence from the church having such great power in the community. When the Renaissance started, art became more focused on ancient Greece. The Greek influence was because scholars were broadly studying the revival of classical antiquity. The architecture was affectedRead MoreHumanities Essay959 Words   |  4 PagesThe Renaissance and Baroque periods in European history played an important role in the development of humanities in their respectable age. During these periods it established a time of rebirth in humanisms and improvement of cultural accomplishments. The Renaissance period provided artistic freedom and in dividualism. It began around the 14th century in Italy and spread throughout Europe until the 16th century. Renaissance means â€Å"rebirth† and humanism of the renaissance artist was to express themselves

Yeast Fermentation Lab Free Essays

The aim of this work was to identify how sugar concentration does affect yeast fermentation. An increase in sugar concentration must increase the release of CA as a result of yeast fermentation. The following analysis considers the average CA concentrations measured as a result of three independent experiments. We will write a custom essay sample on Yeast Fermentation Lab or any similar topic only for you Order Now In absence of sugar no CA was released. A 5% increase in sugar concentration showed a low CA presence, 0. 33 CM. Then as a result of another 5% increase in sugar concentration it is observed a higher concentration of CA, 1. 1 CM measured. Till then the increase of CA concentration was expected. When sugar solution reached 15% surprisingly the CA concentration decreased to 0. 57. Actually it was expected a relative increase in CA concentration. Later when sucrose concentration increased to we identified an important increase in CA concentration. The whole hypothesis could not be supported as a result of the decrease in concentration when sugar concentration reached 15%. Evaluation: In order to improve this work we could consider the following elements: use more different samples of yeast, in this work we only had one yeast source. It could have sugar concentration was added was not accurate and changes in the temperature could have affected the results. Furthermore the use of pipettes could have been improved during the process of the procedures. How to cite Yeast Fermentation Lab, Papers

Formative Microbiology A case Study

Questions: a. Name the likely microorganism that caused the infection giving reasons for your choice in this specific case?b. Describe the general characteristics of this microorganism and explain why is it different from other bacteria?c. Discuss the virulence factors produced by this organism that are responsible for the symptoms that it produces?d. Name the staining methods used for this microorganism and explain why is heat used to stain this microorganism?e. What antibiotics would be used to treat this condition? Answers: a. The potential causative agent is Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The reason for identification of this bacteria is the positive result for the tuberculin test. b. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a non motile obligate aerobe that are acid fast. Their cell wall is very unique as it is made up of acidic waxes like mycolic acids. M. tuberculosis is resistant to drying and chemicals because of the ease with which it is transmitted. This organism is different from other bacteria as their genome is adapted to adopt the genetic make up of the human genome and easily infect the system of human leading to fatal outcomes. c. The virulence factors produced by M. tuberculosis are lipids and fatty acids, mycolic acid and their derivatives in the cell wall, PDIM, type II secretion systems as well as the systems of genes that encode for global regulators of transcription and post translational modifications (Prozorov et al. 2014; Forrelad et al. 2013). d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be stained using acid fast staining. This staining procedure is used to identify organisms that have wax like and nearly impermeable cell walls (due to large amounts of mycolic acid and fatty acid waxes). Heat is used during the staining procedure because it helps the primary stain to penetrate deeply as without it the waxy layer of the membrane would not allow any stain to enter. e. The antibiotics that can be used to function against mycobacterium tuberculosis are rifampin, ethambutol, isoniazid (The Crohnie 2014). Newer antibiotics, known as macrolide antibiotics, are more effective against intracellular mycobacteria than standard anti-tuberculosis drugs. References Forrellad, M. et al., 2013, Virulence factors of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, Virulence, vol. 4, no. 1, pp: 3-66. Prozorov, A., Fedorova, I., Bekker, O. and Danilenko, V., 2014, The virulence factors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Genetic control, new conceptions, Russian journal of Genetics, Vol. 50, no. 8, pp: 775-797. The Crohnie, 2014, Treating mycobacteria with antibiotics, viewed on 17th January 2015, https://archive.crohn.ie/primer/mycodrug.htm.

Building Sustainable Organizations Analysis

Question: Discuss about the Building Sustainable Organizations Analysis. Answer: Introduction The report discusses the HRM practices in an organization through the case study of a hospital which is located in Australia with around 400 staff members. The hospital has its unit across the Australia. The case study discusses ineffective HR practices operating in the hospital administration which have contributed to high attrition, grievances, absenteeism and shortage of staff in the organization. The hospital has been reported to have some serious accidents involving patients and staff members. The case then discussed a contrasting view of another hospital that is effectively implementing HRM practices in its administration through employee engagement activities, HR policies, job analysis and recruitment and selection. The hospital has been reported to have great patient services because of its sustainable management practices and policies. The first hospital discussed in the case reflects ineffective HRM practices which have degraded the quality of patient services and have even led to some serious patient accidents. The hospital only has one payroll department which takes care of the salary of the employees and one HR consultant who conducts weekly visits to the hospital. All the responsibilities of an HR manager have been laid down on the middle managers which has overburdened them. The CEO of the hospital has been overlooking the consequences of this activity of overburdening middle managers. This has resulted in work conflicts, staff turnover and absenteeism. The overall quality of the services of the hospital has also degraded. The hospital lacks an effective communication model, which is taken care by an HR manager. Effective communication is required for assigning roles and responsibilities, boosting employee confidence and evaluating performance of the employee. An effective communication holds an organization together through effective policies, employee handbook, meetings and conferences, performance evaluation, employee engagement etc. Communication helps to transfer the information from one department to other and thus maintains the flow of information through mails, telephones, meetings, documents, employee record etc (Fielding, 2006). It is the role of an HR to maintain an effective communication in an organization which is not present in the hospita l. Employment relations are also not being properly managed ineffective HR policies. Employment relations are required to hold the employees and have good staff retention in the hospital through developing relation between employee and the hospital through benefits and compensation, appraisal system etc (Gardner Palmer, 1997). The employee gets frustrated and demotivated due to work conflicts and situation based problems. They need to be motivated by an HR manager through meetings and other activities. The managers are not even aware that these assigned responsibilities are not even part of their job and get frustrated sometimes which creates absenteeism and staff turnover. This overall impacts employee competence through work conflicts and absenteeism which indirectly affects the quality of the services of hospital and leads to disappoint patient. This spoils the image of the hospital and affects the long terms goals and objectives of the organization. A sustainable HRM model is required to improve the quality of the services of the hospital (Wolper, 2004). The CEO of the hospital needs to review the performance of the hospital in order to build a sustainable business model. He needs to understand that an HR consultant is not enough while considering the long term goals and objectives of the organization. The patient care and safety are one of the essential components for a successful running hospital which are not as per the norms of a hospital. The severe accidents may increase in the future and may have disastrous consequences on the operational system of hospital. The CEO needs to develop a sustainable HRM model in order to achieve the long term goals and objectives of the hospital (Wolper, 2004). CEO would have to create an effective HR department and ensure proper implementation of the HR policies and practices. He could have a look at the HRM model of other successfully running hospital as mentioned in the case study. The hospital has a proper HR department which has led to quality services to the hospital through its staff retention and employee engagement. Thus, CEO should plan to develop an HRM model in the hospital by considering the following roles and responsibilities of an HR department and should hire an HR manager who could assist him in other recruits for the department. Recruitment and Selection The HR manager is responsible for hiring the suitable employees as per the needs and requirement of the job profile in the organization. Employees are recruited through different channels such as newspaper ads, online ads, networking, telephone etc. It is the responsibility of an HR to use the right channel for selection (Brinkerhoff Goldsmith, 1992). Induction and Training When a new employee gets hired and joins the organization, he needs to be well versed about the organization and his duties and job role. The HR manager guides and instructs the employee through an induction and training program regarding what he would be expected to do through employee handbook, job description, company policy manual and training and mentoring. He also checks all the required documents of the employee such as id proof, degrees etc (Brinkerhoff Goldsmith, 1992). Rules and Regulations It is the duty of an HR manager to ensure that hospital complies with the rules and regulations of the government through his legal research expertise on hospital. The hospital must abide by the laws as prescribed by the government which may include recruitment contracts with the medical practitioners. Then there are employee contracts which should be very well documented (Brinkerhoff Goldsmith, 1992). Employee Management It is the duty of an HR to control and monitor the performance of an employee through employee engagement, resolving work conflict, handling grievances, appraisal system etc. The employee performance is responsible for quality of the services of a hospital. An HR boosts the confidence of employees through different activities and ensures smooth operational activities in an organization (Wolper, 2004). Decision-Making An HR manager is also involved in core team of a hospital and helps in building strategies in alignment with the goals and objectives of the organization. An HR manager acts as an intermediate between the employees and the hospital and thus, helps to resolve employee issues and concerns through proper planning and devising solution (Evans, 1990). Training and Development Training and development is a very crucial element to develop a sustainable business model in hospital industry. It ensures quality services and equipping the staff with latest technology and practices in the market. It is the duty of an HR to conduct regular training in the hospital such as handling patient effectively, being polite to the patient etc. Thus way training improves the quality standard of a hospital (Savage, Fottler Khatri, 2010). Administration and Management HR is responsible for running operations of a hospital smoothly and effective administration is the core element of HRM in hospital. The responsibilities may vary from hospital to hospital (Fried, Fottler Johnson, 2005). Studying the above roles and responsibilities, it can be evaluated that an HR plays a very important role in effective delivery of services and ensuring quality patient care. Further, the report would discuss the ways to develop a sustainable HRM model in a hospital and its consequences. A sustainable HRM model consists of six elements which would be discussed one by one below: HR Management Systems: It ensures that the operational activities are being maintained in an organization through integration of data, staffing and placement and employee support system. The data is helpful is evaluating the performance of the employees and provides employee feedback and coaching and mentoring to the employees if required. This would improve overall work productivity of the hospital through an effective appraisal system and policies and measures (Evans, 1990). Leadership: Employees look for continuous guidance and instructions from their superiors to make sure that their work is in alignment with the goals and objectives of the hospital. HR manager would make sure that the employees are fully aware of their job profile and expected results through intensive planning and organizing. Their involvement in the decision making process ensures that the hospitals planning, budgeting and organizing considers the issues and concerns raised by the employees. Thus, an HR ensures that there is continuous involvement of stakeholders in the decision making process (Evans, 1990). Partnership: A hospital must ensure that there is proper planning, organizing and optimum utilization of the resources. Partnership is a way to hold the stakeholders and direct them towards a common goal and objective of the organization (Evans, 1990). Finance: Employees need motivation in order to increase their work productivity which can be ensured through timely incentives and a properly defined salary structure for an employee. The salary package of an employee must be defined in advance so that he is aware about his benefits which may include education, medical, allowances etc (Evans, 1990). Education: Employees look for their career advancement and growth in an organization. Education would motivate them and would also help to increase the work productivity of a hospital (Evans, 1990). Policy: An organization must have effective policies to ensure discipline in the system. An employee must abide by the rules and regulations of an organization so as to align with the goals and objectives of the hospital (Evans, 1990). Thus, a sustainable framework can be ensured through following approaches: Focusing on result oriented practices Involvement of Stakeholders in the decision making process Continuous learning through training and development Working on new strategies and approaches Building a Sustainable HRM Model A sustainable HRM model would involve four steps which are as follows: Purpose: The purpose is analyse the current situation which can be done through various methods such as taking feedback from the stakeholders, reviewing the records and documents etc. In the case study, CEO must identify the key stakeholders first and then analyse the complete situation through the inputs received from the stakeholders (Savage, Fottler Khatri, 2010). The process can be carried out through a meeting with the key stakeholders, reviewing the existing HR documents which can be collected from HR consultant and payroll manager. This would help in identifying the root cause of the problem (Savage, Fottler Khatri, 2010). Purpose: Once the inputs have been received from the previous step, this step would define the actions required to be taken. This would be carried out through prioritizing the actions which are necessary in the current scenario. The planning would involve cost calculation for the implementation of those actions and the consequences the actions would have on the hospital (Savage, Fottler Khatri, 2010). Purpose: The most critical part of building HRM model is the execution of the planned layout and most of the organizations fail at the execution level. Thus, a leader must ensure that the roles and responsibilities are properly allocated to the respective departments and employees so as to ensure that an effective implementation is being carried out (Savage, Fottler Khatri, 2010). Thus, the phase would involve planning the execution though funding, allocating the responsibilities and budget planning for the action plan. Purpose: It is very important to measure the success of plan that has been executed and evaluate the process of implementation. Monitoring and controlling helps to determine the milestone achieved and helps in future planning (Savage, Fottler Khatri, 2010). The process involves analyzing the key stakeholders who would decide the factors for monitoring and evaluating the execution. The roles and responsibilities of the employees must be clearly defined (Savage, Fottler Khatri, 2010). Consequences of Building a Sustainable HRM Framework Developing a sustainable business model for any organization is a challenging task and requires the contribution of all the stakeholders of an organization. But, once the framework is being developed, it would have great results in terms of employee commitment and improve the service quality of the hospital. Effective Communication: Communication helps in constant flow of information in an organization. An effective communication is required in an organization to keep the employees updated regarding their roles and responsibilities. The HR manager would ensure an effective communication in the organization (Zelles, 2012). Performance Management: Performance management must be evaluated on a regular basis in an organization. Effective HR policies would help to evaluate the performance of an employee (Niles, 2012). Employment Relations: An organization must ensure that the employees are satisfied with their job role to maintain employment relations. An HR manager acts as an intermediate between the organization and the employee to build trust and loyalty among the employees which helps to increase the work productivity (Zelles, 2012). Recommendations Thus, a sustainable HRM Model is crucial for an organization to ensure employee commitment and quality services. The recommendations for the CEO of the hospital are as follows: The CEO must perform a situational analysis so as to devise a solution for current existing scenario (Niles, 2012). An execution plan must be laid to build an HRM model which would make use of the six components as discussed. A proper execution then must carried with continuous monitoring and evaluation (Zelles, 2012). Conclusion The report has analyzed the case study and the measures required to be taken in order to devise a solution for the same. The discussion has involved the steps that CEO needs to consider to build a sustainable HRM Model for his hospital to improve the quality of the services. Most importantly, a sustainable model requires a great leader, HR management systems, effective HR policies and involvement of key stakeholders in the decision making process. List of References Gardner, M Palmer, G. (1997). Employment Relations:Industrial Relations and Human Resource Management in Australia. Melbourne: Macmillan Education AU. Dressler, S. (2004). Strategy, Organization and Performance Management:From Basics to Best Practices. Sydney: Universal-Publishers. Colbert, B.A. Kurucz E.C. (2007).Three Conceptions of Triple Bottom Line Business Sustainability and the Role for HRM.Pro-Quest, 30(1), 21-29. Brinkerhoff, D.W. Goldsmith, A.A. (March 1992). Promoting the sustainability of development institutions: A framework for strategy.World Development, 20(3), 369-383. Hahn, T., Pinkse, J., Preuss, L. (March 2015). Tensions in Corporate Sustainability: Towards an Integrative Framework. Journal of Business Ethics. 127(2), 297-316. Savage, G.T., Fottler, M.D. and Khatri, N. (27 July 2010). Strategic Human Resource Management in Health Care. UK: Emerald Group Publishing. Fried, B., Fottler, M.D. and Johnson, J.A. (2005).Human Resources in Healthcare:Managing for Success. US: Health Administration Press. Evans, D.W. (1990). People, Communication and Organisations. London: Pitman. Anthony, R.J. (2009). Organizations, People Effective Communication:Most Good and Bad Consequences Come Down to People and Communication. US: UNIV READERS Holbeche, L Matthews, G. (2012). Engaged:Unleashing Your Organization's Potential Through Employee Engagement. US: Wiley. Zelles, R. (2012). Methodologies to measure and define Employee Engagement. Germany: GRIN Verlag. Bridger, E. (2014). Employee Engagement. London: Kogan Page Publishers. Macev, W.H., Schneider, B., Barbera, K.M., Young, S.A. (2011). Employee Engagement:Tools for Analysis, Practice, and Competitive Advantage. London: John Wiley Sons. Flynn, W.J., Mathis, R.L., Jackson, J.H., Valentine,S.R. (2015). Healthcare Human Resource Management. US: Cengage Learning. Wolper, L.F. (2004). Health Care Administration:Planning, Implementing, and Managing Organized Delivery Systems. Burlington: Jones Bartlett Learning. Nick, G., Reinhold, G., Valerie, I. (2005). Managing Health Services. UK: McGraw-Hill Education. Niles, N.J. (2012). Basic Concepts of Health Care Human Resource Management. Burlington: Jones Bartlett Publishers.

Sample of Reflection Essay on Dena Structure and Function

Sample of Reflection Essay on Dena Structure and FunctionHave you ever encountered a sample of reflection essay on dena structure and function? I guess a sample of essay on DENA structure and function would be in an abstract or thesis written on the importance of dena in different academic disciplines. While I respect this kind of essay in its composition, I think there is room for improvement. Well, this article is my first attempt to explore the idea of reflection, its importance and its ability to enhance education in an additional way.So what is a Sample of Reflection Essay on Dena Structure and Function? Actually, I'd say that there are three main kinds of sample essay on DENA structure and function. Let's explore these three sample types and then we can come to a conclusion as to whether or not our review may be useful to students or not.I think we can all agree that the use of this kind of essay is not necessarily very beneficial to students, since they tend to see it as nothi ng more than the glorification of their own work. I'll come to that conclusion at the end of this article.Of course, there is the 'high school level reading' type of essay. This is the first one that comes to mind for most people. This sample is very related to the introspective type of essay - the kind of essay one reads in college when looking back at a large body of work.I think this sample is also not quite as useful. First of all, it is totally disconnected from the rest of the essay. It is reading through the work to find the mistakes. It is just looking for common mistakes in a particular field of study.A better reflection essay is a reflective essay that is meaningful and complex. Instead of reading through to find the common mistakes, this kind of essay is an analysis of the work and of its flaws.The first type of reflection essay is obviously not the best choice for education. However, the second one, the reflective essay on dena structure and function, may actually be use ful for education in the future.

Maya And Aztec Essays - Architectural Styles, Maya Classic Period

Maya And Aztec Plundering and carnage were the overlying results of the Spanish conquest of MesoAmerica beginning in 1519. The ensuing years brought many new "visitors," mostly laymen or officials in search of wealth, though the Christianity toting priest was ever present. Occasionally a man from any of these classes, though mainly priests would be so in awe of the civilization they were single handedly massacring that they began to observe and document things such as everyday life, religious rituals, economic goings on, and architecture, which was the biggest achievement in the eyes of the Spaniards. That is how the accounts of Friar Diego de Landa, a priest, were created, giving us rare first per-son historical accounts of the conquest and the people it effected. To archaeologists monumental architecture is more important than an inscribed stelae listing names and dates. There is so much more to learn from a building than a slab of stone usually seething with propaganda. In most societies they are what remains after conquest, usually for their beauty or ability to withstand the elements. Landa was amazed by what he found. "There are in Yucatan many edifices of great beauty, this be-ing the most outstanding of all things discovered in the Indies; they are all build of stone finely ornamented..." (Landa, 8). If it were a commoners domestic dwelling we would learn through the study of remaining artifacts and middens what objects were used on a daily basis and also the standard of living, helping us to construct an accurate view of the long neglected commoner. According to Landa steepled roofs covered with thatch or palm leaves protected the habitat from rain. Homes were often divided into two sections, a living section, customarily whitewashed, and a domestic area where food was prepared and inhabitants slept (Landa, 32). In Aztec societies commoners often lived in calpolli, a residential area segregated by occupation, usually surrounded by walls for protection (Smith, 145). If it were a domestic dwelling for a noble it would be larger than a com-moner's dwelling, and usually consisted of more than one large structures occasionally located on a platform near the center of the town. The high status is obvious by the in-clusion of more elaborate and ornamental objects and frequently frescos adorned the walls. Monumental Architecture of public and private buildings are one of the best indi-cators of the size and importance of a site. The size of the structure has direct corrolation to the power held by the leader, in his ability to conduct peasants to construct the build-ing. Temples and plazas were the main objects of monumental construction and often rival the pyramids of Egypt in quality and size. Temples were often pyramid like struc-tures that were built, facing east, over the cremated remains of a priest or ruler. With each acceding ruler the temple was made larger by building over the previous, thus the layering effect so often uncovered. Different styles of decoration and construction were used by each culture during different periods. "In contrast to earlier Mesoamerican pyramids with a single temple built on top and a single stairway up the side, the pyramids built by the Early Aztec peoples had twin temples and double stairways" (Smith, 43). "There are several complexes of Esperanza architecture at Kaminaljuyu...these are stepped temple platforms with the typical Teotihuacan talud-tablero motif..." (Coe, 84). Then in less than three hundred years there was a completely different style of architec-ture in the area, "Characteristic of Puuk buildings are facings of very thin squares of limestone veneer over the cement-and-rubble core; boot-shaped vault stones...and the exuberant use of stone mosaics on upper facades, emphasizing the usual monster-masks with long, hook-shaped snouts, as well as frets and lattice-like designs of criss-crossed elements" (Coe, 157). Mesoamerican architecture has withstood the test of time, many of the structures not destroyed during the conquest still stand today, whereas numerous Spanish buildings do not. In pre-modern history, throughout the world burials have been customarily simi-lar, irregardless the distance. Whether this is coincidence or not will be determined at some point in the future, but for now I am of the opinion that since many cultures wor-shipped similar gods many of their customs will be comparable. For example many cul-tures, including the Aztecs and the Maya buried bodies in the fetal position facing east. More often than not various foods and goods were placed in the grave to accompany the deceased in the next life. Burials usually followed some ritual and occurred near the home, which would be abandoned soon after (Landa, 57). If they were

10 Steps to Becoming a Professional Genealogist

10 Steps to Becoming a Professional Genealogist Do you think that the genealogical profession is one that you will enjoy?  Follow these simple steps to see if you have the necessary skill, experience, and expertise to offer your services to others on a fee basis. Includes tips on becoming a certified or accredited genealogist. Difficulty: N/A Time Required: Varies How to Become a Professional Genealogist Read and follow the code of ethics of the Association of Professional Genealogists and the Board for Certification of Genealogists.  Even if you belong to neither organization, this lets clients know you are serious about work quality and ethicsConsider your experience. A genealogist must be familiar with the various types of genealogical records available and know where to access them, as well as know how to analyze and interpret evidence. If you are unsure about your qualifications, enlist the services of a professional genealogist to critique your work and offer guidance.Consider your writing skills.  You must be knowledgeable of the proper format for source citations and have good grammar and writing skills in order to communicate your findings to clients. Practice your writing constantly. Once you have it polished, submit an article or case study for possible publication in a local genealogical society newsletter/journal or other genealogical publication.Join the Association of Professional Genealogists.  This society exists not only for practicing genealogists, but also for people who desire to further their skills.  They offer ongoing professional development in the skills needed to run a successful genealogy business. Educate yourself by taking genealogy classes, attending seminars and workshops, and reading genealogical magazines,  journals, and books.  No matter how much you know, there is always more to learn.Volunteer with a local genealogical society, library or group.  This will keep you in touch with a network of fellow genealogists, and help to further develop your skills. If you have the time, start or join a transcribing or indexing project for additional practice at reading genealogical documents.Make a list of your goals as a professional genealogist.  Think about what types of research interests you, the access you have to necessary resources and the profitability of doing research as a business. What do you want to do? Professional genealogists dont all do client research - some are authors, editors, teachers, heir searchers, bookstore owners, adoption specialists and other related fields.Develop your business skills.  You cannot run a successful business without knowing ab out accounting, taxes, advertising, licenses, billing and time management. Get a copy of Professional Genealogy: A Manual for Researchers, Writers, Editors, Lecturers, and Librarians. This book is the bible for genealogy professionals and those who want to become professional. It offers advice and instruction on everything from abstracting to setting up a business.Consider applying for certification or accreditation. The Board for Certification of Genealogists (BCG) grants certification in research, as well as in two teaching categories, and the International Commission for the Accreditation of Professional Genealogists (ICAPGen) offers accreditation in specific geographical areas. Even if you decide not to become certified or accredited, the guidelines offered by these testing programs will help you to objectively evaluate your genealogical skills. Tips: Practice your research skills every chance you get.  Visit courthouses, libraries, archives, etc. and explore the records. Get as much experience as you can before working for others.Dont stop researching your own family history.  It is most likely the reason you fell in love with genealogy in the first place and will continue to provide inspiration and enjoyment.

Business Process Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Process Analysis - Essay Example The above-depicted model can be better analyzed with reference to Tesco, which possess similar components that entail ‘inputs’, ‘guides’, ‘outputs’ and ‘enablers.’ The inputs of Tesco in relation to the stated model can be better understood by ascertaining the involvement level of the suppliers with the company while procuring products. As illustrated above, enablers denote the functions of operations, manpower resources, group skills and innovation of products along with services. In this regard, Tesco adheres to this component of the model in the form of employing qualified as well as skilled personnel and also integrating advanced technological systems in its operational functions. The third element of the model is ‘output’, which involves selling products via physical outlets and online stores. Tesco conducts its business by offering its products to the customers by making them visit physical stores and also purchas ing the same through online. The final stage of the Burlton IGOE Model i.e. ‘guides’ lays stress upon introducing effective policies and regulations towards conducting business in an efficient manner. Tesco tries to ensure that proper governance is being followed throughout the organization with the introduction of several policies and standards associated with health and safety and human resource among others. The company focused on fulfilling its core objectives by maintaining an ethical code of conduct and evading negative situations.

Contrast the development of the themes of justice and inequality in Research Paper

Contrast the development of the themes of justice and inequality in Langston Hughes poems the freedom train, Merry-Go-Round - Research Paper Example Hughes managed to go through the odds by working as nightclub door attendant and superintendent whereas he travelled to places such as West Africa, Italy, and Paris and it is from most of his work that he experienced heights of inequality and discriminations for being black among whites.   During this time, he developed poems that enabled him to receive a scholarship to Lincoln University in Pennsylvania (Hughes and Susan 20).   In this work, the rhythmic, lyrical nature of his poetry is obvious as is his conviction that only by continuing with his African lineage could African Americans finds appreciation (Anthony and Stephanie 25); however, in most cases black or African Americans were subjected to great discrimination. His emergence occurred around the same time which is being referred to Harlem Renaissance lately. The Harlem Renaissance period was characterised by deep questioning of African American racial orientation and identity (Hughes and Susan 18). This was also combine d with the effect of slavery and racism on the generations that followed. Hughes is one of the most successful poets of the period. His success is not determined by the way he struggled to attain success but by the way, he represented the issues of the African Americans that he ever felt was being undermined and regarded as dogs especially when they were formed by their white counterparts to undertake certain chores (Anthony and Stephanie 25). For instance, in his poem Madam and Her Madam, he ironically accepted the claims of love from his madam, â€Å"I said, Madam, That may be true-- But I'll be dogged† (Madam and Her Madam22). It is notable that people liked him for his contributions in the field of equality and social justices. The way he wrote the two people attempted to question the racism and the effect of such writing on African Americans. He also questioned the hypocrisy of the correctly elected persons. He noted that while these democratically elected people enjoyed service delivery, he suggests that their focus was on the whites (Hughes and Susan 21). This was a clear an attack on the leadership so that the African Americans could also benefit from their participation in the electoral process by having the leaders put in place plans that escalate their inclusion (Hughes and Susan 20). It is notable that he served as the voice of hope and impartiality for the African Americans who lived in a highly racially segregated society. In this society, the African Americans routinely suffered from all manner of discrimination, bias, and utter violence. It was indeed very unfortunate that white Americans even considered and took the African Americans as their slaves. His artworks reminded people of the kind of life, which they really deserved yet they could not receive because the white men were in charge. He made the clarion call using the â€Å"free† where all are â€Å"equal† which he argued excluded African Americans (Hughes and Susan 18). The clarion call resonated so well with other emerging African American opinion shapers who conformed and resolved that Black Americans must have their space and enjoy the life provisions with liberty. The people were charged to ask about the rational for perpetuating inequality against fellow Americans because they had a different color. He argued that the

Theory of human motivation

Theory of human motivation Abraham Maslow Abraham Maslow is considered one of the most influential psychologists of 19th century, and one of the leading authorities in humanistic psychology. Humanistic Psychology is a branch of psychology with focus on human behavior. Besides the Theory of Human Motivation work that put him in limelight, he had authored other famous work in the field of psychology. Some of his other writings are, Eupsychian Management, psychology of science and Motivation and Personality (Hoffman, 1990). In 1967 due to the influence that his work on theory of human motivation had in the field of psychology he was awarded the title Humanist of the Year by the American Humanist Association (Hoffman, 1990). At the height of his career Abraham Maslow served in various professional capacities. He was a senior lecturer at Brooklyn College in the faculty of psychology. He was a professor and the chairman at Brandeis University in the department of psychology for almost two decades since 1951. At the time of his death in 1970 he was a fellow at the Laughlin Institute (Hoffman, 1990). But the legacy that Abraham Maslow left behind will certainly outlive him. Today his work on Hierarchy of Needs as contained in theory of human motivation is taught worldwide in classrooms and his name is synonymous with Hierarchy of Needs. Indeed the concepts on Theory of Human Motivation and hierarchy of needs as he defined them are no longer limited to the field of psychology but are increasingly being included in many other varied disciplines. During the time that he was a lecturer at Brooklyn College Abraham Maslow ideas on human behaviors were influenced by fellow psychologist in the same college (Hoffman, 1990). But it was not until when he become the professor at Brandeis University that Abraham Maslow finally was able to draft the idea behind theory of human motivation. It was while at Brandeis University that Abraham Maslow met Kurt Goldstein. Kurt Goldstein had advanced the concept of self actualization which he had earlier published in a book called Organism (Hoffman, 1990). It is this concept that had formed the framework of theory of motivation that Abraham Maslow was researching on (Hoffman, 1990). In 1943 Theory of Human Motivation was first published in the Psychological review journal. Later he would write several other books based on the theory such as, Towards a Psychological of Being and the Further Reaches of Human Nature (Hoffman, 1990).. Abraham Maslows Theory of Motivation provided a valuable insight to human needs requirement level that had previously not been studied. More importantly his research work was on psychology field of human behavior that over the years had not generated new ideas. The Theory of Human Motivation presented a fresh approach on which human behavior was studied. The power of Maslows Theory of Human Motivation was its simplicity and relevance. Maslow used a diagram to demonstrate the various levels of human needs that was explained in his theory which he referred as hierarchy of needs (Hoffman, 1990). The result was a concise framework that outlined a persons need and importance at each stage of life. These needs are defined as, Physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs and self-actualization (Hoffman, 1990). Physiological needs are the first and the most important that a person requires such as food, shelter and clothes but are not limited to this. They are those needs that must be met for life to be bearable. Safety needs are those that come after physiological needs. They include such requirements such as job satisfaction, security and financial freedom. The safety needs are in two parts that which satisfy the physical and which satisfy emotional needs (Hoffman, 1990). After safety needs comes social needs which are entirely emotional. In this category a person needs are friendships, love among others, and for some reason at this level these needs are important to a person. Then esteem needs comes thereafter, they are the likes of social status, self respect, recognition, and accomplishment, this category too serves to fulfill the emotional requirements. The last level in hierarchy of need is self-actualization which comes after all the other needs have been met. In this level a person seeks to have wisdom instead of knowledge, questions the meaning of life and values such as truth and justice are central to his life. This is the highest and the last category of emotional needs (Hoffman, 1990). That is all there is to it to the theory of motivation as researched and advanced by Abraham Maslow in summary. However the impact and implications of Maslows theory of human motivation were far and wide. Today theory of Human motivations is applied in so many sectors and disciplines worldwide to influence human behavior (Deckers, 2009). Not to mention that it is now a major discipline and an area of study used by teachers to impart skills to future professionals so that they can use the same theory in order to better manage people. The beauty behind theory of human motivation is in its ability to clearly articulate the various level of human need with key specific needs at each level. This way the ability to influence behavior, through motivation for instance has been simplified to a great deal Motivational speakers use this concept to change organizational behavior in a work place. A motivational talk is a profession that has recently come up to address the challenges faced by modern day organizations. The purpose of a motivation speaker in an organization is to motivate positive behavior change among the employees. The need to motivate and positively change employee behavior has increasingly becoming an issue of interest to the organizational leaders for two important reasons. Foremost employee motivation will increase work productivity and therefore overall organization productivity, besides a motivated employee achieves job satisfaction and is likely to stay on the job for long time. This is important for the organization since it reduces the recruitment and training costs that are usually associated with high rate of employee turnover. Number two, motivation talks is important in changing the organization culture. In order to change organizational culture employee behavior must be influenced positively. Maslow theory of motivation has enabled these requirements to be met in a work place (Deckers, 2009). This is because a motivational speaker is able to use the hierarchy of needs to determine which needs are key to influencing positive behavior change. Since motivation is rooted to a person requirement change in personal needs will also result in change of motivation levels. Therefore an organization is able to achieve it needs and the need of employee at the same time. Another area that Maslows theory of human motivation is applied is in leadership management. An organizational leader needs to be able to effectively motivate employees at work place beside directing and managing the employee. Indeed employee motivation is now central to organization success and leadership roles. The need of having motivated employee at work place is one of paramount importance. In modern day organization setup employee motivation is an achievement that organization actively supports for it to remain competitive and productive. Managers are aware of this and use the Maslow theory of human motivation, indeed numerous management books has been written on motivation at workplace. The organizational motivation publications authors interpret Maslows human motivation theory in context of work place environment (Deckers, 2009). But Maslows theory for human motivation is not only limited in organizations employees motivation. In psychology the idea of human motivation has been advanced by several other psychologists using the theory as a baseline to their studies. One such study was done by Carl Rogers, a psychologist who developed a therapeutic psychological process of treating mentally disturbed persons. The ideology behind the Client-centered Therapy was borrowed from the human motivation concept (Hoffman, 1990). Treatment is enabled through a process that guides the patients to identify important personal requirement by removing mental obstacles that prevent this achievement. Hierarchy of needs is an important tool that a person can use to assess the point at which a persons life has reached. This is important in guiding an individual to the path of happiness and satisfaction since a person will be able to assess the needs that are most important at each level (Valdez, 1998). Maslows other works on field of humanistic psychology actually touches on personal happiness. In his description of Peak Experiences Maslow explains that for this to occur a person must achieve the self-actualization stage of life (Valdez, 1998). Peak Experiences refers to particular moments of time when a person experiences extraordinary sense of happiness, peace, fulfillment and satisfaction in life. For years basic needs have been defined in three levels only but now after Maslows hierarchy of needs the correct context in which a person needs occurs have finally been discovered. Other new publications and research on human motivations have improved upon the concepts on which Maslow based his publications. As years go by Maslow theory of human Motivation will continue to be widely read and adopted in a range of other new upcoming disciplines. Maslow theory of human motivations like other scientific research inventions did not escape criticism from fellow scholars. Indeed it is more likely that theory of human motivations had it limitations, as Abraham Maslow once concurred that the theory was only meant to form a framework for which other studies should be done to improve upon it (Hoffman, 1990). Among the criticism that is had been directed to this theory is its inability to explain and define hierarchy of needs for particular religious believers. They have no material wealth, no sense of security and esteem needs, or social needs yet they are able to attain the self-conceptualization level (Hoffman, 1990). Maslows theory is certainly not able to address this concern. Another criticism also directed towards the theory is one that concerned the research procedure that Maslow used to arrive at the ideology. Most scientists agree that Maslow used a proportionally small case numbers to generate the research model that he later applied to a whole race of people worldwide. Having said that for the most part Maslows theory is effective and certainly relates to most people and there are very few instances that are exceptional References Deckers, L. (2009). Motivation. Washington, DC: Lambert Deckers Publishers. Hoffman, E. (1990). The Right to be Human: a Biography of Abraham Maslow. Florida: John Wiley Sons Inc Valdez, J. (1998). Self Actualization Through Humanistic Theories. Virginia: Penguin Publishers.

Banksy’s Artwork in Detroit Essay

Banksy arrived in Detroit [SLIDE] and created 4 pieces on various walls [SLIDE] , in various locations around the increasingly troubled city [SLIDE]. It is important to note from the beginning, that not one of the pieces Banksy [SLIDE] created during his time in Detroit survives today. While a small sliver of one of the pieces – this one in fact – is physically in tact, what remains is a fundamentally incomplete and undoubtedly impoverished version of the work itself. The surviving portion is incomplete and impoverished because it is only a sliver of the broader canvas into which it was placed. Once again, all of the pieces Banksy put up in Detroit have either been destroyed by the owners of the walls upon which they were created – not knowing the significance of the work – by individuals looking to profit from the sale of the work, or, in the case of this image, ‘preserved,’ significantly altered, or ‘destroyed’ – depending on one’s perspective – by individuals in the community seeking to save them from their inevitable destruction. It is equally important to recognize that they surely (and undoubtedly) would have been destroyed in one way or another. Street art is one of the only – if not the only – plastic arts that embrace’s its own eventual demise. It is, in other words, and its practitioners are eminently aware of this, inherently ephemeral. As this [SLIDE – GO SLOW HERE] sequence of images [SLIDE] by a Street Artist known as Mobstr indicates. [SLIDE] The inherent ephemerality [SLIDE] of these works of art is the result [SLIDE] of a relatively unique set of contextual circumstances [SLIDE] and social relationships of power within which most street artists ply their trade. [SLIDE] Just now, I referred to these pieces as works of art and I believe that that’s how they should be regarded. Not as vandalism, not as a crime, not as a nuisance, or blight – however all of these descriptors are accurate, once again, depending on one’s perspective. There is no other contemporary art movement that works at the same scope [SLIDE] and grandeur as street artists’ do. They consider walls that sometimes stretch horizontally [SLIDE] for entire city blocks as a canvas of massive proportion. They see the blank concrete of a high rise and think of it not as private property, or the structure of someone’s home or business, but as a concrete canvas. The sheer size, complexity, [SLIDE] and detail involved in some of street art’s most notable exemplars qualifies it as an artform par excellence. However, in the eyes of the law, the majority of property owners, or in the by laws of municipal city councils, this is, for the most part, not the case. Once again, and for the most part, in the eyes of the law [SLIDE], street art is vandalism and property damage that upsets the stability of city life and the sensibility of city dwellers, making them fear for their safety on the streets of their city. From this perspective, street art needs to be eradicated, erased, and/or ‘buffed out,’ as the terminology of the street calls it, as soon as possible. Removing graffiti and street art is akin to fixing the broken windows that, if left unrepaired, as the infamous story told by Wilson and Kelling goes, will lead to further crime, disregard for private property, the apparent safety of others, and an overall degeneration of the city as a space reserved almost exclusively, according to David Harvey, for commerce and private property rights. Succinctly, then, the life expectancy of a piece of street art [SLIDE] is very short. It is not only over-zealous municipal councils and their legions of constables that go around buffing out the work of street artists, however. There are at least four other factors that make the work of street artists inherently ephemeral. In addition to municipal officers buffing out pieces, the second factor limiting the life expectancy of street art, are property owners themselves [SLIDE]. When a piece of private property gets tagged without the permission of the property owner, the inclination of the property owner is to get to rid of what they consider to be vandalism as soon as possible. This is especially the case when the owner isn’t aware of the value of certain pieces. This one [SLIDE], done by Banksy in Melbourne, Australia, was apparently destroyed when, someone’s father was house sitting and he thought he would do his son-in-law a favour by getting rid of it. However, and generally speaking, the commercial value of street art by the vast majority of street artists, save a very select few, is close to nil. If you’re a street artist and you’re not Banksy, you breaking proverbial windows all the time. Property owners, then, seeking to maintain the aesthetic integrity of their property, are the second cause of street art’s limited life expectancy. The third cause is other street artists themselves. Ever since the appearance of graffiti on the subways and walls of New York City [SLIDE] and Philadelphia in the late 70s and early 80s, graffiti and street art have been caught up in a clandestine contest that revolves around territoriality, prestige, ego, and fame, based on the courage and capacity to get one’s tag up in the most dangerous and visible locations possible. Looked at from these five different perspectives, street art is one of the few ‘plastic arts’ that is planned, designed, and created in full knowledge that the end product will, in one way or another, disappear or be destroyed over time – and in some instances, very short periods of time. This inherent ephemerality is, of course, where the digital camera and the Internet become incredibly important implements in the street artist’s quiver. As much as these artists are reliant on the physical qualities of cinder block, concrete, wood, and steel, to exercise their creative vision, they are equally reliant on the immaterial, virtual, and distributed hardware and software characteristic of the Web 2. 0 era, to document that which in all likelihood, and in the very near future, will disappear for one of the five reasons listed above. Taking into account the ephemeral transience of street art from the perspective of the artists themselves, these same artists can, then, as much as they are regarded as street artists, also be regarded as digital artists, digital photographers, albeit digital artists and photographers that go to great lengths, and put themselves at great risk, in the preparation of their compositions. This point is important enough to recognize, but to stop here would be to cut short a more in depth examination of the practice of creating street art and the absolute importance of the concrete yet entirely transient and stochastic qualities of the urban canvas to the art form. As I hope to demonstrate, the vagaries of the urban fabric serve only to reinforce the point just made regarding the importance of the digital camera and the Internet. AWKWARD – The very particular qualities of the surfaces upon which this kind of art is produced – the individual qualities of very particular walls – and the either serendipitous or pre-planned incorporation of trash, foliage, or other elements of the natural (or manufactured world) into the pieces themselves – very much unlike the blank stretched canvas upon which other forms of art are produced – †¦ play an incredibly important role in the creation of street art. Reciprocally, and at the same time, they also underscore the importance of the digital camera, the digital photograph, and the Internet to the preservation and dissemination of the works themselves. I think this can best be explained by reference to the photographs themselves. If we look at this piece by Banksy for instance, [SLIDE] created in the run up to the London Olympics in 2012 and around the same time as his ‘Slave Labour’ piece, we see a pole-vaulter falling backwards, not quite making it over the barbed wire fence and onto the discarded mattress below. For the time being, I’m less interested in a semiotic reading of the piece than I am in paying attention to the actual physical things that play a part in the construction of this semiotic meaning. The mattress and the fence are absolutely integral elements of the piece. They are as important to the work as the pole and the pole-vaulter. If absent, for whatever reason, the piece itself wouldn’t be the same piece. Or, rather, it would be an entirely different piece, with an entirely different meaning. For instance, after this photograph was taken, there is a good chance that the mattress might have been discarded, the fence taken down in order to install the requisite Plexiglas. The point being, that the artist has obviously deemed these elements of the urban fabric to be elemental to the overall work itself. If removed or altered in any way, as they surely will be, the work is no longer that of the artist. Much like deleting scenes from Hamlet would fundamentally alter the play as Shakespeare intended it, removing the mattress alters the piece as Banksy intended it. If the mattress goes missing, is moved, or shifted, the artwork, as the artist envisioned and created it, is no longer. This example [SLIDE] too, indicates how important the actual elements of the urban fabric are to the piece. They are intricately woven into the artwork itself. This is becoming ever more important and prominent in Banksy’s work and†¦ if I can speculate for a moment, I think this has everything to do with his politics – I presume he’s a ‘he’ at least – it has everything to do with his politics, the market value of his work, and the propensity of property owners to remove it and auction if off, or of municipal councils to put it behind Plexiglas. So what would happen if this wall was cut out and moved to a gallery, into a private salon, or placed behind Plexiglas? Or what if we simply come back in Winter? Well, of course, the flowers that this boy is vomiting would die. They would either be uprooted and killed, squashed behind the Perspex and killed, or in time, and as a result of the elements, die of natural causes. This is, of course, in addition to, and on top of, the fact that the piece itself has a very limited shelf life for the five reasons described above. As mentioned previously, once the work of street art is finished, the artist responsible for its production turns his/her back on it, in effect abandoning the work, leaving it to live or die as the street sees fit. Before doing so, however, and for the most part†¦ The work, as the artist intended it (and as he/she created it), is documented with a photograph. This practice too has its historical lineage. [SLIDE] These are slides taken by Martha Cooper, a photographer, along with Harry Chalfant, responsible for archiving the early history of graffiti on the streets of this fair city we all find ourselves in today. Without the photographs of Cooper and Chalfant, not to mention the artists themselves, this important stage in the history of arguably one of the most important artistic movements of the past century would have never been preserved for us to see today. The photographic record of these inherently ephemeral works, then, preserves them and at least some of the context within which they existed at the time of their creation. In a manner of speaking, then, not only does the digital photograph enable the preservation and dissemination of the artwork in a state that the artist obviously approved of, but the physical act of taking the digital photograph is the final brush stroke that signifies the piece is finished and the artist is done with his/her work. The moment at which he/she can turn around and walk away. Much like an oil painter who, when the canvas is completed to his/her satisfaction puts his/her name to the piece [SLIDE], the digital photograph serves as the street artist’s signature of sorts. [SLIDE]It signifies that the work is as the artist intended it and that, in the state it was when the photograph was taken, is complete. So, again, similar to the signature in the top right corner of the Picasso, the signature is a sign that signifies the painting is complete. The digital photograph plays much the same role. Once again, it functions in much the same way as the artist’s signature in that it denotes that the artist is happy with the result and the scene looks as it should. One of the more provocative questions that this pushes to the fore of our investigation, is, then, what if the piece is altered or removed from the context in which it was created for any reason whatsoever? [SLIDE]. Extracted from the broader landscape that plays such a pivotal role in its interpretation and meaning. Does it continue to be a Banksy for instance? And I think there’s a very good argument that it does not. Doesn’t the digital photograph of the work – in the place where the artist created it and inclusive of the elements so pivotal to its meaning – more accurately represent the artwork than the ‘salvaged’ (or preserved) work [SLIDE] when it’s placed in the white cube of a gallery? And I think the answer is, yes, yes it does. If this is the case, then, the photograph serves not only as the signature of the artist, but because of the ephemeral nature of the work and the resolute importance of the surroundings to it’s meaning also as a work of art itself – albeit one that reciprocally depends on spray paint to be completed. As mentioned earlier, in these instances, the street artist can be equally considered a digital artist, albeit a digital artist that goes to great lengths and puts him/herself at great personal risk in the preparation of their compositions. This piece [SLIDE] was placed inside the perimeter of the dilapidated and abandoned confines of a Packard Assembly plant – a 3-and-a-half million square foot ruin [SLIDE] on the south east side of metro Detroit. To be honest, and in my opinion, the piece itself isn’t one of Banksy’s best [SLIDE]. It is, however, notable because it makes specific and pointed reference to the very particular and exact location in which it was created. It is, much like a lot of his more recent work, heavily context dependent. â€Å"I remember when all this was trees. † And it is this ‘this’ [SLIDE] that I think distinguishes this piece. At the end of the process of filling in the stencil, and writing the phrase, Banksy metaphorically signs the piece by taking a photograph of it. And he takes the photograph of the piece as he wanted it to look – knowing full well that it will probably disappear in the near term. The stencil itself is frame left, [SLIDE] with the ruins occupying frame right, inviting the viewer of the photograph to complete the story the boy is telling by following the implicit directions offered in the word bubble. This is how Banksy wanted us to see the piece. This is where he wanted the piece to be. This is the location and the perspective from which he wanted it interpreted. The location and the broader context in which it is placed is, in fact, as important (or more so) than the image of the boy himself. This photograph, then, is a more accurate representation of the artwork in the way the artist created it than the actual piece that is now housed in a Gallery in South West Detroit. The only thing that marks the place of the original – in January of 2012 at least [SLIDE] – this too has probably changed – is an odd tangle of colourful fabric whose origins and purpose are impossible to verify – other than the fact that they are placed at the exact location where the piece was once located. Completely extracted [SLIDE] from the context that constitutes an incredibly important part of the ‘canvas’ itself, the meaning of the piece as the artist intended it, no longer makes sense. Or perhaps, and rather, it still makes sense, but the sense that is now being made is not that intended by its creator, but, rather, by those persons who ‘saved’ it from its eventual destruction†¦ or by somewhat obsessed academics like myself. Therefore, by moving the piece and extracting it from the place that is part and parcel of itself – that plays such an important role in the work – those individuals that preserved it, or saved a relatively small portion of the piece, did so by means of destroying the larger piece which might include the 3. 5 million square feet that constitute the abandoned factory’s footprint. In the absence of these 3. 5 million square feet, we no longer have a piece of street art by Banksy, but a roughly 7’ x 7’ corner of a piece that forms part of a much larger work of art. The fact that the photograph is also a poor representation of these 3-and-a-half million square feet is something I’m still thinking through†¦ To conclude,s however, and completely omitting from consideration any conversation regarding the ephemeral nature of street art in relation to Benjamin’s notion of the ‘aura’ as it relates to works of art that no longer in exist, something I’m going to take up in my book†¦ as a result of the ephemeral nature of street art and the fact that the urban canvas is part and parcel of the artwork itself†¦ I would like to conclude by reiterating that as much as street artist’s can be thought of as artists that work within (and with! ) the very concrete confines and materials of the urban fabric, they can also, and perhaps better, be thought of as digital artists that go to great lengths in the preparation of their compositions. Thank you so much for your time and attention today. You’ve no idea how much I appreciate them both.